International Responsibility of the European Union for the Activities of its Military Operations. The issue of effective control

Abstract

European Union military operations entail the participation of a new subject of international law in the area of peace and security. This organization constitutes a special subject of international law, and its internal structure and distribution of powers make difficult to determine, during the deployment of a military operation, the attribution of responsibility in case of breach of international law. This article aims to analyse the different aspects that affect the responsibility of the European Union by acts of its military operations, focusing on the theory and practice of the Organization and analysing issues as the effective control of the operations or the personnel involved.